d°î®w®X®‹qµä   N®³rS®¡®±   þǮ㚮ºy®q®±Ù   î®±Ÿîµ±S®¡®±   šµ²Ù°q®äS®¡®±   î®±±Qy®¼hNµÊ    

(Oä.ý®.1557-95)

þǮ㚮ºy®q®±Ù

§° Š®Uµ²q®Ùî®±Š® y®½î¯Áý®äî®±u® šµ²°u®Š®¢‡®±wµ²…àw®± §°y¯u®Š® …¢ þÇ®ãrÙ‡®±w®±Ý …‡®±›u®w®±.Bq®w® Š¯S®ãî®w®±Ý îµ±YÏ §°y¯u®Š®± Bq®xSµ b¯Ów®î®w®±Ý N®Š®±p› ,š®ºw¯ãš¯ý®äî®± Nµ²h±Ô "Š®U®±y®rr°s®ÁŠ®±" Hºu®± w¯î®±N®Š®o ¯m,Bq®w®w®±Ý î®±u®æî®±q® y®äX¯Š®NµÊ N®¡®±Ÿ› Nµ²hÔŠ®±.

Aw®ºq®î¯ãš¯X¯‡®±ÁŠµº… ïu¯æºš®Š®± u®¤o uµ°ý®vºu® î®±o²Ø‹Sµ …ºu®Š®±.A®± uµ²l®Ö y®ºmq®Š¯Tu®±Ûu®©åuµ î®±œ¯ N®ÙŠ®² BTu®ÛŠ®±.B y®ºmq®Š®± §° Š®Uµ²q®Ùî®±r°q®ÁŠ®w®±Ý N®ºl®± A®ªå‡µ±° E¢u®Š®±.S®±oS¯äŸS®¡¯u® §° y¯u®ºS®¡®î®Š®± Aw®ºq®î¯ãš¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ® y¯ºmq®ã œ¯S®² Š¯S®ãS®¢ºu® q®³y®ÙŠ¯T ,Nµ© N¯Œ¯w®ºq®Š® š®î®ÁcÓz°j®u® c¯Û‹‡®±w®±Ý š®©± A®w®±Ý Kl®º…m›, §° îµ°u®î¯ãš®r°s®ÁŠµºu®± ASµ w¯î®±N®Š®o ¯mu®Š®±.A®± î®±±ºuµ §° y¯u®Š® Eq®ÙŠ¯vÃN¯‹‡®¾¯u®Š®±.

D ïu¯æºš®‹Sµ §° Š®Uµ²q®Ùî®±r°s®ÁŠ® „¯µ²°u®S®¡®± „¯‰±y¯j®î¯Tq®±Ù.þÇ®ã‹Sµ A®± „µ²°vÚ®±rÙu®Û y¯j® y®äî®X®w® N®ä §° y¯u®‹Sµ …œ®± îµ±YÏNµ‡®¾¯Tq®±Ù.§° îµ°u®î¯ãš®r°s®ÁŠ®ºq®œ® q®yµ½°xvà þǮ㊮w®±Ý q®î®±â Eq®ÙŠ¯vÃN¯‹S®¡®w¯ÝT ¯m §° Š®Uµ²q®Ùî®±r°s®ÁŠ®± u®w®ãqµ‡®±w®±Ý y®lµu®Š®±.
§°y¯u®Š® Cwµ²Ý…à þǮ㊮± §° îµ°uµ°ý®r°s®ÁŠ®±.C®± y®½î¯Áý®äî®±u®ªå „¯S®y®Þ‡®±ãw®î®Šµºu®± ,§°x¯X¯‡®±ÁŠµºu®² N®Šµ‡®±©Þl®±rÙu®ÛŠ®±.C®± Yx® rÙ‡®±ªåu®Û®±.C®± q®N®Ê î®±iÔSµ Œµ°î¯uµ°ï î®ã¯Š®î®w®±Ý ¯l®±rÙu®ÛŠ®±.CSµ „¯©ãvºu®©² Au®㇮±w®,ý¯š®ô S®äºs®S®¡® Aµ²°N®w®u®ªå œµX®±Ï Bš®OÙ.Nµ²l®±Sµ¶ uµ²ŠµS®¡µºu®² Eu¯Š® î®±w®›éw®î®Šµºu®² C®± œµš®Š®± S®¢›u®ÛŠ®±. D S®³œ®š®ÚŠ®± §° Š®Uµ²q®Ùî®±Š®ªåSµ …ºu®±, q¯î®¼ š®ºw¯ãš¯ý®äî®±î®w®±Ý …‡®±š®±î®¼u®± z°j¯vÃy®r‡®¾¯S®©± A©å;š®ºš¯Š® …ºu®S®¢ºu® u®²Š®î¯T xþϺqµ‰±ºu® š¯u®wµ ¯l®©± š®ºw¯ãš¯ý®ä N¯Š®oî¯S®±î®¼u®‹ºu® q¯î®¼ y®äoîµ½°y®uµ°ý®î®w®±Ý y®lµ‡®±©± N¯q®±Š®Š¯TŠ®±î®¼u¯T §° y¯u®Š®ªå xîµ°v›u®Š®±.A®± †m š®ºw¯ã›S®¡¯T §° îµ°uµ°ý® r°s®ÁŠµºu®±, y®ä›u®Ü iy®ÞpN¯Š®Šµºu®± y®ä›u®ÜŠ¯Tu¯ÛŠµ. C®± Z¯ºuµ²°S®ã Ey®xÇ®q¬ iy®Þp, q®qµ²æ°uµ²ã°q® iy®Þp,y®ä¯o y®u®Ür iy®ÞpS®¡®w®±Ý Š®Y› y®ä›u®Ü iy®Þp°N¯Š®Š¯Tu¯ÛŠµ.

y®½î¯Áý®äî®±u®ªå §° îµ°u®ý®r°s®ÁŠ® q®î®±âw¯u® ‡®¾¯u®y®Þw®² §°y¯u®Š®ªå þÇ®ãw¯S® …‡®±›u®w®±.§°y¯u®Š® b¯Ów®u®³™Ô‡®±ªå ‡®¾¯u®y®Þw®² î®±±ºuµ q®q®æš®ºP¯ãw®,§°î®±w¯ÝÉ㇮±š®±u¯,§° î®±u¯áS®î®q® îµ²u®Œ¯u® S®äºs®S®¡® Eq®ÊÈ³Ç®Ô iy®Þp°N¯Š®w¯S®±î® š¯î®±s®ãÁ¡®ëî®wµºu®± r¢u®Š®±.A©åuµ ‡®¾¯u®y®Þw®ªå Awµ°N® iy®Þp°N¯Š® þǮ㊮w®±Ý xï±Áš®±î® Au®±áq® ý®OÙ‡®±w®±Ý §°y¯u®Š®± N®ºl®±Nµ²ºl®Š®±.q®î®±âªåSµ …ºu® Bq®w®w®±Ý š®ºqµ¶› ,Bq®xSµ y®©î®±ºq¯ä£®qµ‡®±w®±Ý Nµ²hÔŠ®±.C®± AoغvŠ¯u® §°îµ°uµ°ý® r°s®ÁŠ®ªå Au®㇮±w® ¯m ‡®±u®±y®q¯ÙX¯‡®±ÁŠµºu®± y®ä›u®ÜŠ¯u®Š®±.

î¯ãš®Š¯î®¾¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ®± î®±œ¯Š¯Ç®óu® uµ²l®Ö ïu¯æºš®Š®±.w¯ã‡®±ý¯š®ô y®äï°oŠ®±.S®±Š®±S®¡® Ab¯Óy®‹y¯©N®Š¯T S®uµ°ý®NµÊ qµŠ®¢, î®±u®±š®²u®w® š®Š®š®ær‡®±î®Š® þÇ®ãw¯T A®ªå Auµæȶq® ›v܇®± y¯j®u® Œ¯„® y®lµu®Š®±.Ç®g¬ ý¯š®ôš®ºy®w¯ÝŠ¯u® î¯ãš®Š¯î®¾¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ®± î®±u®±š®²u®w® š®Š®š®ær‡®± Auµæȶq® ›v܇®± Qºl®w¯Š®²y®î¯T w¯ã‡®¾¯î®±³q® q®Š®ºTp Hº… Eu®ÌÉäºs®î®w®±Ý Š®Y› Kºu®± N®³r‡®±w®±Ý §°S®¡®î®‹Sµ AzÁ›u®Š®±.BX¯‡®±ÁŠ®± S®uµ°ý®NµÊ ŸºrŠ®±Tu® îµ±°Œµ q®ºb¯î®½‹w® Š¯cŠ®± §° Š®Uµ²q®Ùî®±Š® š®æœ®š®Ùvºu® BX¯‡®±Á‹Sµ El®±Sµ²ŠµS®¡®w®±Ý Nµ²m›u®Š®ºqµ.

§° Š®Uµ²q®Ùî®±Š® Cq®Š® þǮ㊮ªå q®Š®ºTp° Š¯î®¾¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ®±, Šµ²iÔ îµºN®h„®hÔŠ®² î®±±Q㊮±.œ®q®±Ù î®Ç®ÁS®¡® „¯©N®w¯Tu¯ÛTxºu® §° y¯u®Š®ªå Al®±Sµ ¯mNµ²ºmu®Û N®oØxSµ, §° y¯u®Š® š®±u¯ y®äî®X®w® Nµ°¢, q¯w®² ïu¯ãq®w¯S®„µ°Nµº… Bšµ œ®±iÔq®±.Bq®w®± §°y¯u®Š®ªå ý®Š®n¯u®.§°y¯u®Š® N®Š®±nµ‰±ºu®,Bq®w®± uµ²l®Ö ïu¯æºš®w¯u®.Šµ²iÔ îµºN®h„®g¯ÔX¯‡®±Áw¯u® D î®±œ®x°‡®±Š®± î®±±ºuµ q®q®ÙÉæš®ºP¯ãw®,ïÇ®±Øq®q®ÙÉæïxoÁ‡®±,y®ä¯o y®u®Ür îµ²u®Œ¯u® S®äºs®S®¢Sµ iy®ÞpS®¡®w®±Ý …Šµu®± ïu®æcÑw®Š® Bu®Š®NµÊ y¯q®äŠ¯Tu¯ÛŠµ.

  d°î®w®X®‹qµä   N®³rS®¡®±   þǮ㚮ºy®q®±Ù   î®±Ÿîµ±S®¡®±   šµ²Ù°q®äS®¡®±   î®±±Qy®¼hNµÊ